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Melasma treatment – what have we achieved in 42 years?

Melasma is a hyperpigmentation disorder which has been the subject of intense research over the last 40 years. As yet no definitive therapeutic strategy has been demonstrated to eradicate it or to avoid relapse. The author provides an up to...

Cord lining mesenchymal stem cell exosomal proteins and their effects on hair follicles

Umbilical cord lining (UCL) mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) produce proteins and growth factors that, when packaged into exosomes in fixed proportions, can stimulate repair and regeneration in recipient cells. The pleiotropic properties of UCL-MSC have been shown to be effective...

Management of masseter hypertrophy and bruxism with Botulinum Toxin A

This article has been verified for CPD. Click the button below to answer a few short questions and download a form to be included in your CPD folder. The squaring of the lower third of the face can be an...

Reconstructive Surgery in Post Colonial Africa

Both plastic and maxillo-facial surgery developed out of armed combat. Initially, general surgeons attached to the military might perform reconstructive attempts, but more realistically and pragmatically, destructive surgery was more suited to their situation. Amputation of limbs undoubtedly saved lives...

Breast reduction in the older woman

Breast reduction (bilateral breast reduction or BBR) is an operation to reduce the size of the breasts, helping to improve the shape of the breasts and lifting the nipples to an appropriately higher position. Some women have difficulty with their...

The role of angiogenesis in wound healing, scarring and tissue regeneration

In the UK alone there are 175,000 people who visit Accident & Emergency departments with burns each year. This results in around 13,000 hospital admissions, of which 1000 are due to severe burns [1]. Over half of these admissions are...

Genioplasty

With the chin playing a vital part in facial harmony, genioplasty can have a hugely positive impact on patients’ self-esteem and quality of life. The authors share their expertise in the optimal techniques when performing an osseous genioplasty. The perception...

Ultrasound use in non-surgical, aesthetic medicine clinics

The use of ultrasound in hospital settings is widespread, however, while the use in aesthetic clinics is in its infancy, it’s steadily increasing [1]. This rise in popularity is a result of an increased desire for safety and accuracy of...

A guide to hair transplantation

A leading hair transplant surgeon provides an overview of the most effective surgical treatments for hair restoration – and how the industry will develop over the next decade. Modern hair transplant techniques were first developed in Japan in the 1930s...