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Duration of botulinum toxin effects: Determining factors and practical recommendations

4 December 2025 | | PMFA - Aesthetic Medicine, PMFA - Dermatology, PMFA - Facial Plastic Surgery
Botulinum toxin has become a popular drug in aesthetic dermatology and plastic surgery and is used to diminish wrinkles as well as for a number of medical indications. However, current reports suggest the loss of a therapeutic effect over a...

How I Do It - Using Nd:Yag laser for correction of vascular anomalies

14 November 2023 | | PMFA - Dermatology, PMFA - General Plastic Surgery, PMFA - Facial Plastic Surgery
Vascular anomalies are the most common lesions that can often lead to disfigurement of a child's appearance. Due to the complexity of diagnosis and individual specialists’ understanding of their pathological process, these young patients often undergo many unnecessary tests and...

Handy Solutions

1 October 2013 | | PMFA - Hand & Wrist Surgery
Very few people, if any, enjoy the ravages associated with the ageing process. Apoptosis (programmed cell death) occurs throughout life, but for some unknown reason (possibly associated with epigenetics) cellular replacement and therefore matrix volume decreases. The result is that...

OPINION - Influencers affect us all: but are they as good as we think?

16 May 2022 | | PMFA - General Plastic Surgery
Recently I was approached by the son of a 75-year-old lady for a second opinion on a large fungating malignant melanoma on the outer lateral aspect of her left thigh. She had noticed an enlarging 50p size pigmented lesion just...

Clinical case of hypertrichosis

2 June 2021 | | PMFA - Aesthetic Medicine, PMFA - Dermatology
Laser hair removal remains the best method of eliminating unwanted hair, including cases of hirsutism. Due to the pathogenesis of hirsutism, laser therapy alone can be insufficient to treat it. Male pattern terminal hair growth is caused by androgens and...

Using growth factors in skincare protocols to elevate patient results

4 December 2023 | | PMFA - Aesthetic Medicine, PMFA - Dermatology
All patients embarking on an aesthetic journey should be introduced to the importance of skin and why a healthy skin canvas is fundamental in producing the best possible surgical and non-surgical results. Investing in a carefully curated skincare regime can...

Aesthetic restoration following GLP-1 agonist–induced facial volume loss

3 October 2025 | | PMFA - Aesthetic Medicine, PMFA - Dermatology, PMFA - Facial Plastic Surgery
GLP-1 receptor agonists such as semaglutide (Ozempic®, Wegovy®, Rybelsus®) have significantly improved the management of obesity and type 2 diabetes, providing effective weight loss and cardiometabolic benefits. However, as their use becomes more widespread, there has been an increase in...

Cryolipolysis: a review of published clinical data

1 February 2016 | | PMFA - Aesthetic Medicine
Definition: Cryolipolysis is derived from the greek language, describing ‘cold’ and ‘fat breakdown’. History The actual phenomenon of cold induced adipocyte necrosis was originally described by Epstein et al. in 1970 who had reported the presence of a “red indurated...

The Bottom Line: buttock augmentation

1 February 2014 | | PMFA - Aesthetic Medicine, PMFA - General Plastic Surgery
The first use of silicone implants for buttock augmentation was by Bartels et al. in 1969 [1]. We must acknowledge the innovative and imaginative brilliance of the Brazilians and the descriptive detail of other surgeons, but especially Mendietta for the...

Female Cosmetic Genital Surgery: lifestyle or science?

1 February 2014 | | PMFA - General Plastic Surgery
The demand for female cosmetic genital surgery (FCGS) has increased over the last decade [1]. This rise is difficult to quantify, as the majority of these procedures are performed in the private sector. However, this trend is also obvious within...

Patient-Specific Hybrid Rhinoplasty

1 February 2014 | | PMFA - Facial Plastic Surgery, PMFA - Rhinoplasty
Rhinoplasty has changed considerably over the past one hundred years, not only in terms of the surgical techniques used, but also in the outcome desired by patients. There are now a large number of surgical techniques used which deal with...

Augmentation rhinoplasty

1 June 2016 | | PMFA - Rhinoplasty
Rhinoplasty refers to a procedure in plastic surgery in which the structure of the nose is changed by adding or removing bone or cartilage, grafting tissue from another part of the body, or implanting synthetic material to alter the shape...