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Management of the eye in facial paralysis

Ocular prevention is the first and foremost priority in the management of the patient with facial paralysis. John J Chi presents a review on the management of the upper and lower eyelid in cases of the paralysed face. In the...

The role of botulinum toxin in vasospastic disorders of the hand

We were interested to read the review article by Dr Neumeister titled, The Role of Botulinum Toxin in Vasospastic Disorders of the Hand. The paper provided a thorough summary of Raynaud phenomenon, including the history of the disorder, associated conditions,...

Cosmetic botulinum toxin: minimal invasive facial enhancement

Myriam Loyo and Theda Kontis present a review of indications for minimally invasive facial cosmetic procedures, based on chemodenervation with botulinum toxin A. The authors present the following treatments in a well structured manner: chemical brow lift, treatment of hypertrophic...

Hand Flaps

This article reads as a book chapter, providing an overview of the different aps available to cover soft tissue defects in the hand. It starts off by providing a general introduction to the functional and anatomical differences of the hand,...