Acne is common among individuals who experience a condition of hyperactive pilosebaceous units (precipitation and mobility of keratinocytes). A specific T-cell mediated inflammatory response is the initiating event in acne pathogenesis, followed by comedone formation. The mechanism of inflammation is...
Today, patients are looking for non-invasive and customised aesthetic procedures with no downtime. They want a global body treatment for a natural and harmonious result. To get the best possible results, treatments have to be combined. It is rare for...
The term ageing is widely used to denote a series of changes that are clinically observed over time. Throughout the ageing process, the cell renewal capacity becomes slower. The fibroblast, which is the main cell of the dermis, undergoes a...
Surgical repair of the earlobe is an increasingly sought-after procedure for patients of all ages. The most common reason for those wanting definitive surgical repair of their earlobe deformity is due to a ‘split’ or elongated earlobe piercing. The resultant...
Menopause, which begins one year after the last period, can bring with it some noticeable changes to skin and hair. As hormone levels drop, skin can become dry, slack, less elastic and thin. It can also cause more facial hair...
Background Melasma is an acquired refractory pigmented skin disease. It is a complex multifactorial disorder and its pathogenesis has not yet been fully elucidated. Risk factors include genetic predisposition, sun exposure, stress, medications, and pregnancy. Melasma is divided into three...
Identifying and treating melasma is a continued challenge in aesthetic practice and the dermatologist author shares an insightful piece outlining some of the treatment options for topical bleach peel depigmenting approaches. A brief summary of current literature findings are explored...
The paper provided is extremely thorough and well structured, covering the topics of patient assessment, treatment options and techniques as well as the management of potential complications following hyaluronic acid filler injection. A detailed guide highlighting individualised treatment planning to...
With the ever increasing demand for injectable treatments, it is important to keep abreast of new developments in the field. International expert Michael Gold reviews the new toxins due to be hitting the market in the next year. We are...
The authors present an insightful overview of the rare condition, Russell-Silver syndrome (RSS), with focus upon the psychological impact and required support for affected individuals. The challenge of ascertaining the prevalence of RSS is argued to be due to ill-defined...
In his work Orthopaedia Nicholas Andry was one of the first to define the ideal hand, in terms of ideal proportions and appearance [1]. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic, erosive inflammatory arthritis thought to affect approximately 1% of the...
Ageing related weakening of the inferior orbital septum and increase of orbital fat volume is considered to result in lower lid prominence. Attenuation of the septum allows the gradual herniation of one or more of the three intraorbital fat pads....