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Classification of maxillofacial pain

The patient that presents with oral and facial pain can prove a diagnostic conundrum. Whilst most often dental causes can explain the origin and help from our maxillofacial colleagues is warranted, it is useful to have a system for approaching...

Diagnosis of osteonecrosis of the jaw

Although the management of medical relation osteonecrosis of the jaw is usually provided by colleagues in maxillofacial surgery, it is essential for ENT surgeons to effectively diagnose the various presentations of this condition. Affected bone that is exposed and necrotic...

Choosing anaesthesia for oral surgery

This article offers guidance in choosing the most appropriate modality of anaesthesia for oral surgery and the setting in which it is delivered. It attempts to classify the different types of anaesthesia into local anaesthesia, sedation, which it further sub...

Measures against female hair loss

The author presents a detailed, well-structured review about female hair transplant surgery. Female hair pattern loss usually differs from male hair pattern loss, resulting in regions of the scalp where hair density falls without complete alopecia. Surgery for female patients...

Principles of facial allotransplantation

In the seven years since the first partial face transplant was performed, a number of units around the world have raced to stamp their mark on this exciting and promising advance. In doing so, some have allowed their ambitions to...