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Botulinum toxin (BoNT) for depression: A review of the mechanism of action and its potential place as an adjuvant treatment

BoNT is becoming a recognised efficient treatment for depression, endorsed by several disciplines including psychiatry. Clare Amrani examines the potential mechanism of action and explores the appropriate place of BoNT in the therapeutic armamentarium for depression. How did BoNT become...

Oral minoxidil: innovations in hair loss

Causes With a wide range of causes, it’s often the uncertainty of why hair loss has happened which leaves people feeling that there isn’t a route out of the problem. On average we shed between 50-100 hairs a day and...

The uses of BTX-A in maxillofacial surgery

Botulinum toxin type A has many uses in maxillofacial surgery. This article will cover its uses in the treatment of Frey’s syndrome, myofascial pain, masseteric muscle hypertrophy and sialorrhoea. Other uses relevant to maxillofacial practice but not covered in this...

Maxillo-facial and neck surgery in Iraq and Afghanistan

Over the past 150 years, military personnel wounded in action had a survival rate of approximately 80% [1]. During the current conflicts in Iraq and Afghanistan, those servicemen wounded in action have a 90.4% survival rate [2]. During the past...

Modifying the DIEP flap in autologous breast reconstruction, introducing a fifth ‘Fleur-de-lis’ zone

With current consumer disquiet about silicone implants, more patients may request autologous reconstruction. This can cause difficulties in patients who have undergone massive weight loss. The authors describe an ingenious solution, modifying the deep inferior epigastric perforators (DIEP) flap to...

The origin of the Children’s Burns Club

Burn injuries can affect any of us or our families at any time. A momentary lapse in attention can lead to a lifetime of scarring. Whilst any individual member of a family group can be physically scarred, all the family...

The role of topical peptides in skincare

The sustained global interest in regenerative medicine is evident and increasingly aligned to the emerging field of regenerative aesthetics [1]. Arguably, regenerative medicine is an established and evolving specialism of medicine, and the rise of associated medical aesthetic treatments and...

Facial asymmetry and nasal septal deviation

The authors’ aim was to evaluate the relationship between nasal septal deviation and facial asymmetry. They performed a study of 60 patients who had facial 3D CT scans from April 2011 to March 2014 and confirmed facial asymmetry, who were...

Lateral crura-alar ring

Lateral crura incision or excision are common procedures for most rhinoplasty surgeons despite the fact that they have potential complications such as nostril rim retraction, bossa tip formation and alar wall collapse during breathing. Fortunately, nowadays there is a trend...

How I Do It - Treating acne and acne scarring in all skin types

I use the Aerolase Neo Elite, which is a 650 microsecond, 1064 NdYag laser, to treat inflammatory acne, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation, post-inflammatory erythema, and rolling acne scars in skin types I-VI. This laser has revolutionised the way I treat acne in...

Principles of facial allotransplantation

In the seven years since the first partial face transplant was performed, a number of units around the world have raced to stamp their mark on this exciting and promising advance. In doing so, some have allowed their ambitions to...

Modified anterior septal transplant

The authors describe an anterior septal graft technique, which consists of complete resection of the caudal septum and reconstruction with extended spreader grafts and a columellar strut, without a separate caudal septal replacement graft. This study was a retrospective case...