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The surgical management of extensive balanitis xerotica obliterans

Balanitis xerotica obliterans (BXO) was initially described by Hallopeau in 1887 [1], when it was known as lichen sclerosis et atrophicus, the designation BXO, first being used by Stuhmer in 1928 [2]. It is a chronic, persistent and unrelenting inflammatory...


Extensive bilateral fat necrosis of the breast associated with the Covid-19 vaccination

Fat necrosis can occur at any site in the body; the majority of cases are in the breast and are idiopathic. Other aetiologies include trauma, fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC), both cosmetic and therapeutic surgical procedures, autologous lipofilling of the...