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Bruxism: a practical guide to treatment with botulinum toxin type A

The aetiology of bruxism is outlined and referenced, giving a clear context to the reader. Recommended treatment options are listed, with a brief summary of the evidence concerning pharmaceutical options, oral appliances, splints, psychology and physiotherapy. The author discusses a...

Managing photodamage

The authors explore components of skin ageing, discussing extrinsic as well as intrinsic factors, with the focus upon the process of photoageing. The anatomy of the epidermis is discussed, supported by diagrams, in relation to extrinsic factors inducing photodamage, in...

Male facial aesthetics

The author shares experience of treating aesthetic male patients, with discussion surrounding components of effective treatment strategies. Discussion is underpinned by current statistics for a global increase in the number of male patients seeking aesthetic treatments, ranging from laser, chemical...

Sleep side preference affecting lid laxity in normal subjects

This is an interesting, masked, prospective study examining the hypothesis that increased upper eyelid laxity in normal patients may be related to the side on which they usually sleep. Two hundred and sixty-two normal subjects, over 55 years old, had...

Efficacy of radiofrequency technology in the treatment of aesthetic indications

The authors present a clear description of the mechanics of how radiofrequency (RF) was initially developed, supported by a detailed overview of some of the more common RF devices, including their mode of action and applications. The authors include a...